Sanmenxia Dam Scenic Area
Sanmenxia Dam Scenic Spot is located in the northeast of Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. It is a national AAA level tourist attraction and a national water conservancy scenic spot. The Sanmenxia Dam is the first large-scale water conservancy project built by China on the Yellow River after the founding of New China. It is known as the “First Mile of the Wanli Yellow River”. The main dam is 713.2 meters long and 106 meters high. The current total installed capacity is 410,000 kilowatts. The project has exerted significant effects and comprehensive benefits in flood control, anti-flooding, irrigation, water supply, and power generation.
The canyons are steep and beautiful, and the mountains on both sides are undulating. The main scenic spots in the scenic spot are: Yellow River Exhibition Hall, Datun Park, Zhongliuzhuzhu, Zhanggong Island, Dressing Table, Crystal Palace, Alchemy Furnace, Yellow River Ancient Plank Road, etc. After the completion of the Sanmenxia Dam, large areas of wetlands were formed in the reservoir area due to changes in water levels as the seasons changed. In the spring and autumn, the water surface of the reservoir area is rippling, and the gentleness of the Jiangnan water town is reflected. During the dam flood discharge period, the turbid waves and the torrents of the torrents show the yellow river screaming, unruly and unpretentious and magnificent. And from November of each year to February of the following year, a large number of white swan flying from Siberia overwintered in the Sanmenxia Reservoir. The white swan played between the blue sky and the clear water, adding a beautiful scenery to the reservoir area. Sanmenxia City is therefore known. It is the "city of white swan".
The famous "mainstay" stands in the rapids below the Sanmenxia Dam. Known as the symbol of the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation. According to legend, this stone is the pillar of the town and river left by Dagu. In the ancient Three Gates Gorge, the stone islands and reefs were scattered; the cliffs were towering. In the past, the boatmen had to sail through the Sanmen Gorge. They had to go straight to the pillars when the ship passed three doors. In the moment when the ship and the stone would almost collide, the backwater in front of the stone would be the ship. Gently dial, so that the boatmen have a success in nine deaths. As a great spectacle on the Yellow River, the mainstay stone has been smashed here for thousands of years, whether it has been hit by violent storms or with the rushing waves. In history, countless scholars of literati have painted for their poems and praised them. Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty also praised the majestic beauty here. He admired the great achievements of the Dagu River and the three great achievements of the sword, and wrote the poems of "facing the pillars, looking north, the dragons, the traces, and the vast Changchun."
Zhanggong Island and the alchemy furnace are located at the mouth of the Menmen River near the right bank of the Sanmenxia Dam. Their names are derived from legends. According to legend, there was a surnamed Zhang in the ancient times. They often witnessed the sinister waters of the Sanmen Gorge. The waves were raging and the ship was overturned. It was decided to be a shackle on the island, and it was obliged to navigate the ships. In order to commemorate the old man, the descendants named the island Zhanggongdao. On Zhanggong Island, there is a rock shaped like a censer. There is a concave round pit on the rock. It is like a stove with a wok. It is said to be the "alchemy furnace" used by the immortal son of Alchemy. And thus led to the myths of "Laozi Alchemy", "Laozi Bridge", "Laojun Stone", "Shen Huoshan". Up to now, the local people have also circulated the folk songs of "The 23rd of the first month, the Laojun refining the elixir, the family sticking the golden bull, and the four seasons are safe."
The ancient channel of the Yellow River, located on the north bank of the Sanmenxia Dam, is the famous relic of the Yellow River. Because China was built in Guanzhong before the Tang Dynasty, in order to ensure the supply of grain and grass in the capital Chang'an and the Northwest Army, the court and merchants had to transport a large amount of grain and materials to Guanzhong every year through the Yellow River, and Sanmenxia was a must.
It can be seen from the ruins that the Yellow River Ancient Plank Road is to cut a narrow stone road at the impact of the steep waters on the banks of the Yellow River in the Sanmen Gorge, and then cut a row of deep square holes in the road break, then plug it up. The wooden stakes are made into small paths for the boatmen to pull up the fibers. There are two relics in Sanmenxia, one higher from the river and one lower from the river. The ancient plank road of the Yellow River is not only a true portrayal of the hard life of the ancient Yellow River, but also a precious cultural relic of studying the history of China's east and west traffic and the history of the Yellow River.